Fuzzy adaptive dynamic surface control for a single-link flexible-joint robot

In this paper, a fuzzy adaptive controller is proposed for a single-link flexible-joint robot. Fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate unknown nonlinearities, and then a fuzzy state observer is designed to estimate the immeasurable states. By combining the adaptive backstepping design with dynamic surface control (DSC) technique, a fuzzy adaptive output-feedback backstepping control approach is developed. It is proved that all the signals of the resulting closed-loop system are semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB), and both the observer and tracking errors converge to a small neighborhood of the origin by appropriate choosing the design parameters. The simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller. Two key advantages of our scheme are that (i)?the proposed control method does not require that the link velocity and actuator velocity of single-link flexible-joint robot be measured directly, and (ii)?the problem of ??explosion of complexity?? is avoided.     

Dynamical CP violation of the generalized Yang-Mills model

Starting from the generalized Yang-Mills model which contains, besides the vector part V_μ, also a scalar part S and a pseudoscalar part P. It is shown, in terms of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) mechanism, that CP violation can be realized dynamically. The combination of the generalized Yang-Mills model and the NJL mechanism provides a new way to explain CP violation.     

Parameter optimization of excited OH radical in multi-needle to plate negative DC corona discharge

In this paper, the emission spectra of OH radical (A²Σ⁺→X²Π, 0-0) were successfully measured by optical emission spectroscopy (OES) in multi-needle to plate negative DC corona discharge at atmospheric pressure in humid ambient air. The influences of discharge power, distance between needlepoint and plate, and relative humidity on production and productive rate of OH radical have been investigated. The optimized parameters of excited OH radical under present experimental conditions were obtained from the analysis of experimental results.     

一类常微分方程解的存在惟一性

给出了一类常微分方程初值问题在右端函数关于第二个变量非增时解的存在性的证明.     

Treatment of 250?t/h Ballast Water in Oceanic Ships Using ·OH Radicals Based on Strong Electric-Field Discharge

The ballast water of oceanic ships is the main cause for worldwide transfer of non-indigenous aquatic species. The use of hydroxyl radicals is an efficient method for killing the aquatic species in ballast water. For practical application, a 250?t/h ·OH ballast water-treatment system was designed and installed on the ship Yulong (ten thousand tons) in Dalian harbor. On this ship, a series of experiments were carried out. As a result, the concentration of total oxidants declined over time. Harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens in the ballast water were rapidly killed after ·OH treatment and no re-growth was observed during a storage time of 5?days. The quality of the ballast water was considerably improved. Therefore, the D-2 ballast water discharge standard of the International Maritime Organization was satisfied. Compared with current methods, ·OH treatment is a potentially effective technology which can be practically applied in the ballast water-treatment of oceanic ships in the future.     

A gradient maximum principle of solutions for a quasilinear parabolic equation

Archiv der Mathematik - This short note is concerned with a quasilinear diffusion equation under initial and Neumann boundary value condition. To be more precise, the authors establish a gradient...     

Adaptive fixed-time control for Lorenz systems

Nonlinear Dynamics - This paper focuses on the problem of fixed-time chaos suppression and stabilization of a class of Lorenz systems with uncertain parameters. Based on the fixed-time stability...     

Synthesis of Ammonia in a Strong Electric Field Discharge at Ambient Pressure

The plasma synthesis of ammonia has been studied in a nitrogen–hydrogenplasma using a strong electric field discharge at ambient pressure andtemperature. With this method, N₂ and H₂ molecules are ionized anddissociated and a large number of free atoms, ions, and radicals areformed in a nonequilibrium plasma after inelastic collisions. The finalproduct was mainly ammonia, including a small amount of hydrazine. WhenMgO powder, used as a catalyst, was smeared on the surface of the electrodeplates, the yields of ammonia increased about 1.54–1.75 times andreached 5000 ppm (0.5% v/v). In this way, plasma synthesis of ammonia atambient pressure is realized and a new method is provided for inorganicsynthesis, which consumes little energy and simplifies the process.     

Effects of Co substitution on structural and magnetic properties of R3(Fe1−xCox)29−yVy (R=Tb,Dy)

Synthesis of two novel series of intermetallic compounds Tb₃(Fe_1−xCo_x)_27.4V_1.6 (x=0,0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) and Dy₃(Fe_1−xCo_x)_27.8V_1.2 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) with the monoclinic Nd₃(Fe,Ti)₂₉-type structure (3:29) is presented. In the Dy series for x=0.4 a disordered variant of the hexagonal Th₂Ni₁₇-type structure is formed. The cell parameters decrease and the Curie temperature increases with increasing of the Co content. In the case of the Tb₃(Fe_1−xCo_x)_27.4V_1.6 series in the M(T) curve a magnetic transition is observed which is attributed to spin reorientation phenomena. This critical temperature decreases with increasing Co from 473 K for x=0.1 to 393 K for x=0.3, and was not observed in the case of 0.4. XRD patterns of magnetically aligned powder samples reveal the presence of a tilted magnetic structure.     

Revolving interference patterns for the rotation of optically trapped particles

Optically trapped objects are rotated controllably in the interference pattern between a Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beam and a Gaussian beam. In this work the interference pattern is analysed and its properties as it propagates are modelled, showing the important role played by the Guoy-phase of the two interfering beams. An analysis of producing controlled rotation of the interference pattern using a glass plate is presented demonstrating the ease with which the rotation can be controlled.